Keyword: STING
2 results found.
Original Article
International Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 1(3), 2026, jebm014, https://doi.org/10.63946/jebm/19462
ABSTRACT:
Background: Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) enables genetic assessment of embryos generated through in vitro fertilization before embryo transfer. Its applications include testing for chromosomal aneuploidy and monogenic disorders, with potential utility in reducing transmission of serious inherited conditions. Experience with PGT remains relatively underreported in sub-Saharan Africa.
Objective: To describe three successful applications of PGT for differing reproductive indications at a Nigerian fertility centre.
Methods: This descriptive case series reports three couples who underwent in vitro fertilization with PGT at a Kingswill Specialist Hospital, Lagos. Clinical and reproductive information was obtained from medical records. The indications comprised family balancing, a family history of oculocutaneous albinism, and prevention of sickle cell disease. Relevant PGT approaches were incorporated into assisted conception treatment before embryo transfer. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were documented.
Results: The first case involved a 39-year-old para 4 woman with four daughters who sought assisted conception with PGT and subsequently delivered twin boys following embryo transfer. The second couple had significant family histories of oculocutaneous albinism and underwent PGT for a monogenic disorder, resulting in the birth of a phenotypically unaffected female infant. In the third case, both partners had HbAS genotypes and had previously had two children with sickle cell disease (HbSS). Following PGT for a monogenic disorder, an unaffected embryo was transferred, resulting in the birth of a male infant with an HbAA genotype.
Conclusion: These cases illustrate the diverse potential applications of PGT in an African assisted-reproduction setting.
Objective: To describe three successful applications of PGT for differing reproductive indications at a Nigerian fertility centre.
Methods: This descriptive case series reports three couples who underwent in vitro fertilization with PGT at a Kingswill Specialist Hospital, Lagos. Clinical and reproductive information was obtained from medical records. The indications comprised family balancing, a family history of oculocutaneous albinism, and prevention of sickle cell disease. Relevant PGT approaches were incorporated into assisted conception treatment before embryo transfer. Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were documented.
Results: The first case involved a 39-year-old para 4 woman with four daughters who sought assisted conception with PGT and subsequently delivered twin boys following embryo transfer. The second couple had significant family histories of oculocutaneous albinism and underwent PGT for a monogenic disorder, resulting in the birth of a phenotypically unaffected female infant. In the third case, both partners had HbAS genotypes and had previously had two children with sickle cell disease (HbSS). Following PGT for a monogenic disorder, an unaffected embryo was transferred, resulting in the birth of a male infant with an HbAA genotype.
Conclusion: These cases illustrate the diverse potential applications of PGT in an African assisted-reproduction setting.
Original Article
International Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 1(2), 2026, jebm009, https://doi.org/10.63946/jebm/18910
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most prevalent conditions in pediatric urology, occurring in approximately 1–2% of children; among those presenting with urinary tract infections, VUR is detected in 25–40% of cases. The incidence shows no declining trend and increases annually in line with global population growth.
Methods: This retrospective-prospective, single-center, comparative cohort study enrolled 110 children aged 8 months to 18 years with VUR grades II–IV treated at the Specialized Pediatric Surgical Clinic of Samarkand State Medical University (1989–2022). Patients were allocated to two non-concurrent treatment groups based on the era of admission: the control group (CG, n=32; 1989–2011) underwent open antireflux surgery, and the study group (SG, n=78; 2012–2022) underwent endoscopic correction of VUR (ECVUR). Patients with grades I and V VUR were excluded.
Results: In the SG, the proportion of good outcomes was 78.2%, exceeding that of the CG (65.6%). Unsatisfactory results were 2.9-fold lower (6.4% vs. 18.8%). Hospitalization was significantly reduced from 16.7±3.3 to 5.2±1.2 bed-days (p<0.001). The economic efficiency coefficient improved 3.2-fold. Overall ECVUR efficacy was 93.6% versus 81.2% for open surgery.
Conclusion: Minimally invasive endourological methods demonstrate superior efficacy and safety compared with open antireflux surgery for the treatment of VUR in children.
Methods: This retrospective-prospective, single-center, comparative cohort study enrolled 110 children aged 8 months to 18 years with VUR grades II–IV treated at the Specialized Pediatric Surgical Clinic of Samarkand State Medical University (1989–2022). Patients were allocated to two non-concurrent treatment groups based on the era of admission: the control group (CG, n=32; 1989–2011) underwent open antireflux surgery, and the study group (SG, n=78; 2012–2022) underwent endoscopic correction of VUR (ECVUR). Patients with grades I and V VUR were excluded.
Results: In the SG, the proportion of good outcomes was 78.2%, exceeding that of the CG (65.6%). Unsatisfactory results were 2.9-fold lower (6.4% vs. 18.8%). Hospitalization was significantly reduced from 16.7±3.3 to 5.2±1.2 bed-days (p<0.001). The economic efficiency coefficient improved 3.2-fold. Overall ECVUR efficacy was 93.6% versus 81.2% for open surgery.
Conclusion: Minimally invasive endourological methods demonstrate superior efficacy and safety compared with open antireflux surgery for the treatment of VUR in children.